Se trata de un informe que valora la conducta de Israel y de grupos combatientes palestinos durante la última ofensiva realizada en julio del 2014 por parte de Israel en la franja de Gaza. Pese a múltiples e insistentes solicitudes ante las autoridades de Israel, los integrantes de la Comisión no pudieron acceder a la Franja de Gaza. El informe viene acompañado de una recopilación de datos detallados titulada: "Report of the detailed findings of the independent commission of inquiry established pursuant to Human Rights Council resolution S-21/1". Nótese que lejos de juzgar únicamente a Israel, tal y como lo anunciaron tempranamente sus autoridades y volvieron a hacerlo en recientes semanas, el informe cuestiona el accionar de ambos beligerantes.
El saldo en víctimas mortales de esta operación, según la Oficina de Naciones Unidas para Asuntos Humanitarios en Palestina fue de 6 civiles y 67 militares del lado israelí; y de 2,251 muertes palestinas, de las cuales 1,462 correspondiente a civiles, entre las cuales 299 mujeres y 551 niños. Un informe publicado por UNISAT en septiembre del 2014 (ver informe) detallaba desde tomas satelitales los daños producidos por la ofensiva israelí entre junio y septiembre del 2014 en Gaza.
En julio del 2014, el Consejo de Derechos Humanos de Naciones Unidas aprobó la creación de esta Comisión Independiente de Investigación, con 29 votos a favor, 17 abstenciones y con el único voto en contra de Estados Unidos (ver nota).
Cabe señalar que, además del voto de julio del 2014 en el seno del Consejo de Derechos Humanos en el que todos los Estados de América Latina miembros de este órgano votaron a favor (incluyendo a Costa Rica), varios Estados de América Latina criticaron fuertemente a Israel y varios de ellos optaron por llamar posteriormente a consulta a sus respectivos embajadores desde Tel Aviv, en señal de profundo repudio ante el carácter totalmente indiscriminado y desproporcionado de la ofensiva israelí en Gaza.
An independent commision of inquiry presented today at United Nations the report entittled: "Report of the independent commission of inquiry established pursuant to Human Rights Council resolution S-21/1". The report of 34 pages is completed with another document of 183 pages on details of the military operation in Gaza in July 2014. Official data provided by United Nations Office for Humanitarian Affairs in Palestine indicated the following numbers on deaths resulting from this operation: 6 civilians and 67 military officers on Israel side; 2,251 on Palestine side, including 1,462 civilians, of whom 299 women and 551 children.
In July 2014, Human Rights Council adopted a resolution to establish an independent commission of inquiry with 29 votes in favour, 17 abstentions and one vote against (United States) (see text in English of the resolution at the end of this note). All Latin America States (including Costa Rica) members of Human Rights Council and members of BRICS (Brazil, China, India and South Äfrica) voted in favour.
With reference to this report made public at United Nations Geneva Head Quarters last June 22, UN official press release (see full text) indicated that : "The Israeli authorities did not respond to repeated requests by the commission for information and direct access to Israel and to the Occupied Palestinian Territory. However the commission obtained harrowing first hand testimony by means of Skype, VTC and telephone interviews. It also conducted face-to-face interviews with victims and witnesses from the West Bank during two visits to Jordan and spoke to victims and witnesses from Israel who travelled to Geneva. The commission conducted more than 280 confidential interviews and received some 500 written submissions".
We read in the report itself (see first page, point 3) that both Israel and Egypt blocked access to Gaza Strip to the members of the commission, in the following terms: ": “3.The commission repeatedly requested Israel to cooperate, including by granting it access to Israel and the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including the West Bank, East Jerusalem and the Gaza Strip (see annex I). Regrettably, Israel did not respond to these requests. Subsequently, the commission learned from a press release that no such cooperation would be forthcoming. The Government of Egypt, when requested to facilitate entry into the Gaza Strip through the Rafah crossing, responded that it was not possible owing to the prevailing security situation”.
It must be noted that a week before June 22, 2015 Israel presented an official report on Gaza operation of 2014 (see NYTimes note of June 14, 2015 entittled: “Israelis Go on Offensive Ahead of UN Report”).
Last April 1st, 2015 the Rome Statute establishing the International Criminal Court (ICC) entered into force for Palestine (see modest note published on Palestine´s accession to this and many others international instruments, concluding, with regards to US top officials declarations that: "To publicly affirm that an international jurisdiction like the ICC "poses a profound threat" to a country considered as an ally could be considered a first in the history of international law – or at least international criminal law. Some observers could even understand this kind of declaration as a strange form of confession" ).
It must be recalled that in November 2012, when discussing a draft resolution on the recognition of Palestine as a State at United Nations General Assembly, we read in The Washington Post, usually extremely well informed, (see note of November 29, 2012) that United Kingdom ´s delegates offered a quite inusual exchange of favour to their colleagues from Palestine, possibly a very first in history of international recognitions of entities as State:"The U.K. suggested that it might vote “yes” if the Palestinian Authority offered assurances that it wouldn’t pursue charges in the International Criminal Court, but apparently came away unsatisfied".
Una versión ampliada de esta nota en español fue publicada el 3/07/2015 en el sitio jurídico Debate Global y en el medio digital La Celosia; el 30/06/2015 en el sitio Ius360; el 29/06/2015 en el medio digital Elpais.cr, el 28/06/2015 en el sitio Global Research, el 25/06/2015 en el medio digital CRHoy y el 24/06/2015 en el sitio jurídico especializado Derechoaldia.
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